Poul Henningsen: A Pioneer in Danish Lighting Design

Poul Henningsen (1894–1967) was one of the most influential figures in Danish design, whose visionary lighting concepts have shaped our global understanding of illumination. Born in Copenhagen to the writer Agnes Henningsen and Carl Ewald, he grew up in an artistic and intellectual environment that profoundly influenced his future career. While Henningsen initially trained as an architect, his focus soon shifted to lighting design, where he created timeless masterpieces. His renowned PH lamps—a comprehensive collection of table, floor, and pendant lights—are true design icons. Central to these designs is the revolutionary three-shade system, which Henningsen developed in 1925. Based on the mathematical Lituus curve, this system was engineered to produce a soft, glare-free light. The first lamp to incorporate this principle was the “Paris Lamp”, designed in collaboration with Louis Poulsen for the Paris World’s Fair. The design won a gold medal and marked the beginning of a long-standing partnership with Louis Poulsen.

Henningsen's scientific approach to lighting was groundbreaking. His three-shade system ensured even light distribution while minimizing glare and shadow. This innovation reflected his commitment to improving people’s lives through thoughtful design. By using hand-blown, three-layer opal glass, Henningsen’s luminaires create warm and harmonious lighting that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing. This principle also underpins the iconic PH 5 pendant lamp, which Henningsen introduced in 1958. Designed as a response to the ever-changing shapes of light bulbs, the PH 5 is celebrated for its versatility and glare-free illumination. To this day, it remains a favourite among design enthusiasts worldwide, gracing homes, restaurants, and hotels alike. Henningsen’s luminaires are regarded as timeless classics that masterfully balance functionality and aesthetics. His legacy is inseparably linked with Louis Poulsen and continues to inspire designers across the globe. Poul Henningsen will forever be remembered as a master of light whose groundbreaking work has fundamentally changed the way we experience and understand lighting.